Multiple chemical sensitivity.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35954/SM2024.43.2.5.e403Keywords:
quality of life, chemical compounds, environmental exposure, occupational medicine, occupational risks, multiple chemical sensitivityAbstract
Introduction: Multiple chemical sensitivity is an acquired, chronic condition characterized by recurrent symptoms of varying intensity that appear after exposure to low levels of different chemicals. The aim of this review is to study it and its relationship with work.
Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out using the descriptors: Quality of Life, Chemical Compounds, Exposure to Environmental Risks, Occupational Medicine, Occupational Risks and Multiple Chemical Sensitivity.
Results: The estimation of the prevalence of this condition is difficult, due to the extent of its symptoms and its multifactorial etiology. The causes are not known, so there are several epidemiological hypotheses.
Generally, symptoms appear after occupational or environmental exposure to a pollutant, which are subsequently repeated after lower intensity exposures to the same or another pollutant. Symptoms affect various organs and systems and are variable in intensity and course, with impacts at the organic, personal, social and occupational levels.
Discussion: Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, reported symptoms and history of exposure. As an aid, questionnaires are available to identify the triggering agents, quantify their severity, and repercussions on daily life. Multiple presumed treatments have been applied to these patients, with little or no efficiency.
The most highly rated treatments in these surveys were the creation of a chemical-free environment, avoidance of harmful compounds and prayer. This disorder seriously affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, and one of the most affected areas is work. Preventive actions should be reinforced at work, avoiding re-exposure to triggering agents. The Occupational Risk Prevention Services should evaluate and control the risks and assess a change of position or incapacity for work, although it is essential to reintegrate the patient's family, social and working life when the symptoms improve sufficiently.
This article was approved by the Editorial Committee.
Received for review: May 2024.
Accepted for publication: June 2024.
Correspondence: Escuela Técnica de Aeronáutica, Ruta 102 km. 26, Canelones, Uruguay. Tel: 598(2) 2227 8486.
E-mail contact: lvauy1@gmail.com
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