Intervenciones ergonómicas y su impacto en la profesión odontológica

Luis Ignacio  Fernández Rey

doi:10.35954/SM2022.41.2.5.e403

Autores

Luis Ignacio Fernández Rey Doutor em Odontologia. Mestre em Ciências Odontológicas. Asistente Cátedra de Fisiología General y Bucodental. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Odontología. Montevideo, Uruguay. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1622-823X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35954/SM2022.41.2.5.e403

Palavras-chave:

Distúrbios Musculoesqueléticos, Ergonomia, Intervenções ergonômicas, Odontologia, Postura

Resumo

Introdução: os distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos são altamente prevalentes na população em geral e, em particular, na área da saúde, os profissionais da odontologia representam uma população altamente vulnerável, devido às características particulares do exercício de sua profissão. O estudo de diferentes intervenções ergonômicas e o impacto que elas podem ter na redução dos sintomas musculares e no desenvolvimento e/ou perpetuação dessas condições disfuncionais está crescendo.

Materiais e métodos: foi realizada uma revisão narrativa entre abril de 2022 e agosto de 2022. Bases de dados como MedLine/PubMed e Scielo foram consultadas, incluindo artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos.

Resultados: foram obtidos um total de 71 artigos, dos quais 30 foram excluídos, resultando em 41 artigos incluídos nesta síntese qualitativa.

Conclusões: as intervenções ergonômicas visam basicamente a mudanças nos ambientes de trabalho dos profissionais e/ou a implementação de programas que visam instruir e conscientizar os profissionais sobre critérios ergonômicos para sua incorporação em seu trabalho. Ambas as abordagens intervencionistas foram avaliadas com ferramentas validadas de autopercepção, exames clínicos e avaliações instrumentais. As estratégias que visam o problema no local de trabalho e aquelas que incluem educação e treinamento em ergonomia reduzem o impacto dos distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos nesta população. Estes últimos têm o potencial de provocar mudanças nos hábitos dos profissionais, com comportamentos que são mantidos a médio prazo.

Recebido para revisão: setembro 2022.

Aceito para publicação: outubro 2022.

Correspondência: Escuela Militar. Ruta 6 Km 22.500. Toledo, Canelones. Tel.: (+598) 2296 9812 / 2296 9911 / 2296 9791.

E-mail contato: nachofernandez81@gmail.com

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Biografia do Autor

Luis Ignacio Fernández Rey, Doutor em Odontologia. Mestre em Ciências Odontológicas. Asistente Cátedra de Fisiología General y Bucodental. Universidad de la República. Facultad de Odontología. Montevideo, Uruguay.

CONTRIBUÍDO PARA O MANUSCRIPT IN: Concepção, projeto, aquisição de dados, análise de resultados, elaboração e aprovação da versão final.

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