Giant cell arteritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35954/SM2019.38.1.8Keywords:
Arteritis, Giant Cell Arteritis, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, VasculitisAbstract
Giant cell arteritis is a chronic vasculitis that affects medium and large vessels, with a predilection for the temporal artery. Environmental factors that would act on susceptible individuals are invoked. It is the most frequent vasculitis in the elderly. It has a wide clinical spectrum of manifestations, so there should be a high degree of suspicion, since, depending on an early diagnosis, treatment can be rapidly decided and, in this way, minimize the risk of complications. Treatment should be started when facing clinical suspicion, without waiting for confirmatory paraclinical methods. Glucocorticoids remain the first-line treatment, given their rapid symptoms relief and normalization of inflammatory parameters, achieving the reduction of mortality. The use of other immunosuppressants has not shown favorable categorical results. Biological agents are indicated in selected cases due to
the therapeutic failure of glucocorticoids, although they are still under study. We present the case of a patient with this diagnosis, who presented as a complication, a cerebrovascular accident in the area of the vertebrobasilar artery, the oral glucocorticoid treatment was started early, and the patient presented a good response and favorable evolution, without later complications.
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