Risk factors associated with Clostridium difficile recurrence Clostridium difficile recurrence in a high complexity hospital center in Uruguay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35954/SM2016.35.1.3Keywords:
Clostridium difficile, Diarrhea, Cross InfectionAbstract
Introduction: Clostridium difficile is the main agent responsible for health care-associated infectious diarrhea with a worldwide incidence ranging from 0.6 to 2.1% of all hospitalized patients and a recurrence rate of 20% after the first episode. To be addressed, healthcare personnel should be actively involved in the early diagnosis, surveillance and management of healthcare-associated infections to reduce the risk of preventable complications.
The aim of this study is to describe the risk factors associated with recurrences of C. difficile infections at the Hospital de Clínicas "Dr. Manuel Quintela" in the period September 2013 to June 2014.
Material and methods: An analytical observational study of cases and controls was performed. Cases were defined as all patients with diarrhea and positive GDH result and who presented at least one recurrence in the aforementioned period. Controls were defined as all patients with diarrhea and a positive GDH result, and who had not presented recurrence in the same period.
They were obtained from the database of the Department of Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Hospital de Clínicas where the two-step algorithm is used with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent kit that combines detection of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and A-B toxins. All cases (N=11) and 22 controls were randomly selected in a 1:2 ratio. Data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel and Epi-info 3.5. The research protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine.
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