Medical problems related to menopause.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35954/SM1999.21.1.8Keywords:
Climacteric; Gynecology; Menopause; Female Sexuality.Abstract
Female sexual function begins at conception with the establishment of genetic sex and continues with internal and external sexual differentiation. After birth a coordinated developmental process brings the ovaries to a state of maturation in which their ovulatory, estrogenic and progestational functions are integrated, which begins with menarche. During the 35 years following menarche, ovulation is repeated every 28 days. This cycling, externalized by menstruation, is interrupted when an ovum is fertilized and pregnancy is achieved, followed by lactation. When the ovulatory capacity ceases, menstruation disappears at menopause. This process is governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The hormones involved are the gonadotropin-releasing hormone LRH or GNRH (hypothalamic), the two pituitary gonadotrophins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone. These hormones act in close interdependence to induce the cyclic production of a mature ovum.
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